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Properties of Wood Adhesives Extended with Sweet Potato and Cassava Flours in Kamlupit (Terminalia Microcarpa Decne) Plywood
Thesis Abstract:
Sweet potato and cassava flours were tried as extenders for urea and phenol formaldehyde adhesives. Properties of the adhesives were compared with those extended with wheat flour, a common extender in synthetic resin adhesives used to reduce its glueline costs. Kalumpit (Terminalia microcarpa Decne), a lesser known species, was used as the substrate in this study.
A 3x5 factorial experiment in completely randomized design with five replicates was employed. The factors were type and level of extender. The extender had five types, namely; 10, 20, 30, 40, and 50 percent resin solid of neat adhesive.
Urea formaldehyde adhesive extended with sweet potato flour developed good gluebond quality. However, it was lower than that extended with either cassava or wheat flour. Extension can be done up to either 30 percent of sweet potato or 20 percent of cassava flour produced by which a depression of gluebond quality will be relatively small.
Phenol formaldehyde adhesive extended with sweet potato flour produced plywood with good bond quality. The value was higher than the one extended with cassave flour, and was lower than that extended with wheat flour. The proposed levels of extension are 40 percent and 30 percent for sweet potato and cassava flour, respectively.
Plywood glued with either urea or phenol resin complied with the gluebond requirements of PHILSA Standard Specification for Plywood for interior and exterior types of bond.
Most dry specimens were broken in tension, particularly those glued by phenolic resin for which longer pressing time was used. Kalumpit produced good plywood either glued by urea or by phenolic resons with an average shear strength value of 179 psi and 191 psi, respectively.