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Trade traffic and Management or Wild Birds and Mammals in Semarang and Yogyakarta, Central Java, Indonesia
Thesis Abstract:
A survey conducted from November 1985 to March 1986 showed that the wildlife trade in Central Java was mainly based on the demand for pets, pleasure, recreation, religious needs (to a lesser extent), and food. The volume of wildlife annually taken from the wild was estimated at 14,048 animals, with about 10,709 animals reaching the hand users. A collector's monthly catch averaged 36 animals of 5-14 species He used a combination of mist nets, snares, and adhevise.
The trade scheme in Semarang was characterized by the complete turnover of wild stock from collectors to middlemen. From there, wildlife was resold to petshop owners or directly to users. On the other hand, collectors from Yogtakarta brought their goods to petshops or sold them to users in the cities and to middlemen who came to their villages.
Wildlife collected by collectors was composed of 23 families, 55 species of birds, and 4 families and 7 species of mammals The percentage of injuries due to trapping was high (70-80%), but the mortality rate of wildlife captured was low (10-20%).
Species that commanded high prices in the market were zebra dove (Geopelia striata), peacock (Pavo muticus), jungle fowl (Gallus gallus and G. various), and those which came from places outside Java such as the great cockatoo (Cacatua sulphurea) and hill mynah (Grucula religiosa). Species which were most often found in the market and cheap on price were munia (Lonchura sp.), Java sparrow (Padda oryzivora), and zebra sparrow (Amandava amamdava).
The survoey reveled that some protected species were found in the open market and immature wild animals and eggs were indiscriminately gathered by collectors
Major drawbacks to a more effecive control and monitoring mechanism were due to the lack of manpower, facilities, professional training in forest protection, and nature conservation field officers. Emphasis needs to be placed on education of the populace to make them aware of the rules and regulations of wildlife use and to effect the necessary changes on their attitude toward wildlife conservation and perception of wildlfe resources.