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Production and Nutritive Calue Improvement of Forage Legumes by Rock Phosphate Fertilization and Vesicular-arbuscular Mycorrhiza Inoculation
Dissertation Abstract:
A series of greenhouse and field experiments as well as laboratory analyses were conducted for 25 months (October 1992 to November 1994). The aim was to study the effect of rock phosphate fertilization (0, 100, 200, 300, and 400 kg P2O5/ ha) and vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhiza (VAM) inoculation and its treatment combinations on production and nutritive value of centro (Centrosema pubescens) and puero (Pueraria phaseoloides) on latosolic soil.
Results of the greenhouse experiment showed that the dry matter yield and nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) uptake of puero were higher than that of centro. However, the percentage of VAM colonization in centro was higher than in puero. VAM inoculation increased the dry matter yield and N and P uptake of forage legume. Treatment combinations of rock phosphate fertilization and VAM inoculation increased the dry matter yield and Nand P uptake of the forage legume to approximately 12, 9, and 22 times, respectively, than that without VAM inoculation. Rock phosphate fertilization increased VAM colonization and spore number. However, spore number and percentage of VAM colonization decreased when rock phosphate fertilization treatment was more than 200 kg P2O5/ha.
Results of field experiment showed that the dry matter yield and N and P uptake of puero were higher than centro after defoliation. Rock phosphate was higher than centro after defoliation. Rock phosphate fertilization increased the percentage of VAM colonization and spore number. However, spore number/10 g and VAM colonization for both legumes decreased when rock phosphate fertilization treatment was over 200 kg P2O5/ha. VAM inoculation increased the dry matter digestibility of puero. Rock phosphate fertilization increased the dry matter yield and Nand P uptake, but decreased zinc (Zn) (400 kg P20/ha) and copper (Cu) (200 kg P2O5/ha) concentration of forage legumes. Treatment combination of rock phosphate fertilization and VAM inoculation increased the dry matter yield and N and P uptake of forage legumes. However, the dry matter yield and Nand P uptake were not significantly different for treatments with or without VAM inoculation. The dry matter yield and N and P uptake increased after defoliation.