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Isolation, Serelogic Identification, and Antibiotic Sensitivity Testing of Salmonella Species in Poultry
Thesis Abstract:
This study aimed to isolate and identify the serotypes and determine the antibiotic sensitivity patterns of Salmonella isolates from 325 poultry samples. Poultry meats, eggs, and cloacal swabs were sampled to isolate Salmonella by conventional method and serotype them using specific typing sera. Antibiotic sensitivity test was carried out by the Kirby-Bauer method.
Results showed that the total Salmonella recovery rate was 4.92 percent (16/325), 9.3 percent (14/150) of which were isolated from meat samples and 2 percent (2/100) from cloacal swab samples. Salmonella was not detected in egg samples. There was no significant difference (p-value = 0.40) between the number of Salmonella isolates from Calamba and Los Baños public markets. Among the meat types, breast and wing had greater number of isolates (10%) compared with thigh (8%), but the difference was not significant (p-value = 1). Only 4 percent of the cloacal swab samples were positive for Salmonella.
Seven sereotypes belonging to serogroups B, C2, D1, and E1 were isolated in the study. These were S.weltevreden, S. derby, S. newport, S. albany, S. lexington, S enteritidis PT1, and S. enteritidis phage type untypable. S. weltevreden was the predominant serotype, followed by S. derby and S. newport. This was the first time that S. albany was isolated in poultry in the Philippines.
Most of the isolates were highly sensitive to norfloxacin (100%), gentamicin (100%), cephalothin (100%), ampicillin (97%), and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (97%). Resistance was found in nitrofurantoin (100%), tetracycline (16.3%), ampicillin (3%), and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (3%). All (100%) the serotypes were resistant to at least one antibiotic, while 9.7 percent showed multidrug resistance to nitrofurantoin, tetracycline, and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole.
The study revealed that Salmonella continues to contaminate our food with new serotypes present including S. enteritidis PT1. The antibiotic sensitivity patterns of the serotypes have changed and showed that serotypes were resistant to antibiotics, particularly nitrofurantoin. It is therefore recommended that proper food handling practices be emphasized repeatedly and that antibiotics be prudently used in food animals.