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An Evaluation of Coastal Forest and Fishery Resources Management Strategies in Camau and Bentre Provinces in the Mekong Delta, Vietnam
Abstract:
The study evaluated the forest and fishery resources management strategies in the Mekong Delta, Vietnam, focusing on four Forestry-Fishery Enterprises (FFEs) in Camau and Bentre provinces. The empirical study and system analysis approach were applied. Data and information on plans, policies, institutional arrangements, and projects were collected and analyzed.
The separate shrimp-mangrove system at the Tamgiang 3 FFE had the highest BCR. However, the 5-hectare integrated mangrove-shrimp (FS 5 ha) system at the 184 FFE had the highest net return.
The present mangrove management system in the Kienvang FFE seemed to be the most sustainable, followed by the Tamgiang 3 FFE and FS 5-hectare system of the 184 FFE. Furthermore, the 20 years rotation system with six harvesting series was the best silvicultural system for mangrove forests combined with shrimp farming in the study area. The present mangrove management system in the Mekong Delta appeared effective because during the past five years, mangrove destruction had been controlled and several thousand hectares of bare lands had been deforested.
The educational attainment of the households in the study area was generally low (5-6 years) which may limit their capability in adopting new technologies. Many households were sparsely settled throughout the mangrove areas. As such, they had less access to social services, among others.
Farmers and television were the main sources of technical information among the farmers. Majority of the farmers were well-informed on the importance of protecting and conserving the mangrove forests. However, they were not well-informed on shrimp culture techniques.
The annual gross income of the mangrove forest-fishery farmers ranged from VND2.8M to VND104.7M (USD201 to 7,479). This gross income is low compared to other countries. The household income of the farmers appeared insufficient for their production investment and family basic living expenses.
There were both advantages and disadvantages of the mangrove management strategies implemented in the four FFEs.