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Study on beef value chain in Dien Bien province
Dissertation Abstract:
The thesis aims to explain and systematize the theoretical and practical basis of the value chain and the beef value chain; Assess the current situation of the beef value chain in Dien Bien province; Analysis of factors affecting the beef value chain in Dien Bien province; Proposing solutions to upgrade the beef value chain in Dien Bien province until 2030.
Research results show that from 2019 to 2021, the number of cattle in Dien Bien province had an average growth rate of more than 11% per year, higher than the average growth rate of the Northern Midlands and Mountainous region (1.21%). The districts with the largest number of beef cattle are Dien Bien Dong District, Tuan Dao District, and Dien Bien District with the number of cows in 2021 29,03%, 19,16% and 16,17% respectively. The province's primary mode of animal husbandry is free grazing, controlled grazing, and intensive. The average number of cows per household was 3.1 cows per household.
The main actors in the beef value chain in Dien Bien province include input suppliers and breeders; brokerage and collection, abattoirs, and consumers which include households, processing facilities, restaurants, eateries, and supermarkets.
Beef products in Dien Bien province are sold through the following main channels: Channel 1: Farmers -> Small collectors ->Big collectors -> Slaughterhouse -> Retailer -> Consumer; Channel 2: Farmers-> Small collectors-> Slaughterhouse-> Retailer -> Consumer; Channel 3: Farmers -> Slaughterhouse -> Consumer; and Channel 4: Farmers -> Slaughterhouse -> wholesaler-> Consumer.
Value added in the value chain varies between distribution channels. Farmers have the most significant added value in three channels in the whole chain, with the value-added rates of channels 1 and 2, channel 3, and channel 4 being more than 67%, 78%, and 82% respectively. Although important in creating quality beef products and value-added rates throughout the chain, slaughterers are the lowest with more than 11% of channel, 10% of channel 2, and 6.67% of channel 1.
Links in the beef value chain in Dien Bien province include horizontal and vertical links. In which horizontal links are mainly between producers, there are two forms of horizontal links between producers, between livestock households and cooperatives and links between livestock households forming interest groups. Vertical links throughout the chain are relatively weak; the main form of linking takes place between wholesalers/retailers and abattoirs and between collectors and abattoirs.
Factors affecting the beef value chain in Dien Bien province include natural conditions, transport infrastructure, socio-culture, policies to support livestock development, and household resources in which land resources are an important factor. The application of science and technology affects the quality of beef due to the application of reclamation techniques such as artificial insemination to improve cows, feed techniques such as silage. The consumption market is an essential factor that leads the beef value chain, bringing both positive and negative influences on the value chain. The regression results showed that factors such as beef prices and families with children reduced meat consumption, whereas income factors and external characteristics of beef positively influenced beef consumption.
Based on the analysis of the current situation and influencing factors, proposed solutions to upgrade the beef value chain include (1) Review and supplement regional planning for the development of grass-fed livestock in general and beef farming; (2) Reorganize beef cattle farming methods; (3) Promote the development of links in the beef value chain; (4) Upgrade the slaughter agent; (5) Apply techniques, science and technology to promote the development of cow farming; (6) Trade promotion and brand building; (7) Training, capacity building and propaganda information.