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Genetic Variability and Genotypic Correlation of Some Agronomical Characteristics of M4 and M5 Generation of Gamma Irradiated Sesamum indicum L.
Thesis Abstract:
Sesame is an economical oil crop. The experimental material consisted of 18 lines M4 generation and 39 lines M5 generation of sesame mutant lines. There were two experiments carried out to obtain information on genetic variability and genotypic
correlation of some agronomical characteristics of M4 and M5 generations of sesame mutant lines after the selection based on plant height and number of capsules per plant. The first experiment was performed to the study and the selected M4 generation begun at the vegetative stage based on plant height and number of capsules per plant. The second experiment was done to the cultivated M5 generation, which is the result of individual selection in M4 generation derived from every sesame mutant line. One of the breeding steps was a selection based on the consideration of the genetic variability and genotypic correlation of some agronomical characteristics. The genetic variability influenced the success of a selection process in the breeding program.
Qualitative traits were expressed into different categories. Kinds of characteristics were very useful for the identification of plants. M4 and M5 generations of sesame characterization and evaluation studies indicated wide diversity in qualitative traits (root system, leaf arrangement, basal leaf margin, lobe incision of basal leaf, bicarpellate capsule shape, seed characteristics, seed coat color). In general, the qualitative characteristic of M4 generation will be followed by a descent in M5 generation of sesame mutant lines.
Selection based on plant height and number of capsules per plant significantly decreased the genetic variability of seed yield and yield components in M4 and M5 generations of sesame mutant lines. The genotypic and phenotypic correlation coefficients significantly increased in plant height, number of primary branches, number of secondary branches, number of nodes/plant, number of capsules/plant, and 1,000-seed weight after selection.