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Structure of Collembola community and nutrient mineralization as affected by application of different organic manures and effective microorganisms
Dissertation Abstract:
Field and greenhouse experiments were conducted to determine the effects of microbial inoculants called Effective Microorganisms® (EM) and its interaction with farmyard and green manure on the structure of Collembola community on the nutrient mineralization by Collembola and yield of carrot (Daucus carota L.). The study was conducted in the Organic Nature Farming Training Center in Wonosobo, Central Java, Indonesia from December 2007 to March 2008. The treatments were farmyard manure (FYM), FYM + EM, green manure (GM), GM + EM, EM alone, and the unmanured control. Abundance of Collembola was significantly increased by application of farmyard manure under field condition and by green manure under greenhouse condition. Addition of EM on green manure in the greenhouse condition resulted in the greatest increase in abundance and richness of Collembola. Isotoma sp. (Isotomidae) was the most abundant Collembola in each treatment: 68.13 percent in the field and 62.93 percent in the greenhouse. The combination of GM and EM had a significant effect in the increasing rate of mineralization as indicated by the reduction in soil C/N ratio, increasing soil P concentration, and increasing yield of carrot. Natural stable isotope analysis using δ15N and δ13C showed that Collembola may have a role in enhancing N mineralization as affected by EM.