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Growth, yield, and protein of soybean (Glycine max L. Merr.) in response to different soil organic amendments
Thesis Abstract:
The study elucidated the growth, yield, and protein response of local and introduced soybean genotypes to different soil organic amendments. Using the modified Doyle and Doyle (1990) protocol for DNA isolation, all 16 genotypes tested positive for lunasin gene and two of three primer pairs tested (SP2/ANP3 and NP2+d/ ANP3) produced polymorphic bands in one local and all 10 introduced genotypes suggesting the presence of more than one putative lunasin gene in their genome. These two primer pairs could be used to analyze genetic variability in soybean germplasm. Four of the introduced genotypes (Con Khuong, G 84040-16-1, GC 87025-25-6, and GC 87051-7-2-10) with polymorphic bands belonged to the same cluster defined morphologically by purple flower. GC 87025-25-6 and GC 87051-7- 2-10 are characterized to have yellow seed coat differentiating them further from the two other genotypes in the cluster defined by purple flower.
Seed yield, crude protein, and crude fat content of soybean varied significantly across genotypes. LGSy 09-7b-1, Con Khuong, and PSB Sy 1 had both high crude protein and high fat contents suggesting that selection for dual purpose genotypes is possible. The albumin fraction of the total soluble seed protein contains the lunasin peptide. Quantification of the albumin was used to have an estimate of lunasin content. In contrast with the trend in 14 other genotypes, LGSy 08-2a-2-1 and LGSy 09-7b-1 significantly increased their protein concentration from full seed to seed maturity.
The effect of varying soil media on growth, yield, and seed protein in four genotypes of varying morphological traits were tested in a pot experiment. Seed yield significantly correlated with the number of root nodules and trifoliate leaves produced per plant at 60 DAE and with the number of seeds per plant and weight of 100 seeds across soil media. Seed yield, crude protein, and total soluble protein of GC 87051-7-2-10 at varying soil media were significantly higher compared with other genotypes. It performed equally well in organically amended and inorganically fertilized treatments. There is potential in organic production of soybean with high protein and lunasin content based on the performance of GC 87051-7-2-10 in organic soil from biointensive garden (BIG) and Lipa clay loam with 50 percent BIG.