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Asian Journal of Agriculture and Development (AJAD) - Call for papers!

Dietary exposure assessment of antibiotic residues in pork consumed in the Philippines

(Cambodia), Master of Science in Veterinary Medicine (University of the Philippines Los Baños)

Thesis Abstract:

Exposure assessment is one of the most important components of the risk assessment process. Dietary intake of significant amounts of residue can lead to adverse health effects in the populations and development of antimicrobial resistance. The study was conducted to determine exposure risk to antibiotic drug residues in pork consumed in the Philippines. Specifically, it aimed to estimate EMDISTY, EMDISXT, EMDITCY, and EMDIPEN residues using stepwise approach by age-gender and island grouping; estimate DESCY, DESXT, DETCY, and DEPEN drugs and their residues by age-gender and island grouping; estimate chronic risk of DESCY, DESXT, DETCY, and DEPEN drugs and their residues by age-gender and island grouping; and compare the above intakes and risks by age, gender, and island grouping. Parameters such as food consumption, amount of drug residue, ADI, MRLs, body weight factor, and age-gender groups were gathered from local and international data. Equations were used to calculate for EMDI from MRLs multiplied by the 90th food consumption and adjusted by weight factor; DE as amount of drug residue multiplied by the mean one-day food consumption and adjusted by body weight; and chronic risk from DE divided by ADI and multiplied by 100. In the study, EMDISCY' EMDISXT' EMDITCY' and EMDIPEN residue for infants from birth to less than 12 months old had the highest intake in the Philippines, while males were significantly higher than females (p < .05). The same pattern was observed by regional island grouping on EMDI of the four antibiotic residues wherein Luzon > Visayas > Mindanao. In the case of DESCY' DESXT' DETCY' and DEPEN residue, children from one to less than three years old had the highest exposure followed by adolescents, adults, and infants, while males were significantly higher than females (p < .05). In the Philippines, children from one to three years old had the highest chance to have a chronic risk to %ADISCY = 1/100, %ADISXT = 1/170, %ADITCY = 1/128, and %ADIPENp < .05). Results showed that children from one to three years old had a high risk of exposure to streptomycin, sulfadimidine, tetracycline, and benzlpenicillin residues in pork in the Philippines.